,CHAPTER #D.A.F ,SLIDE #A3 ,TACTILE ,,ASL AND ,FINGERSPELLING ,SLIDE #B3 ,OVERVIEW ,RESEARCH ON HOW ,,DB PEOPLE USE ,SIGN ,LANGUAGE HAS BARELY BEGUN4 ,SOME ,,DB PEOPLE GREW UP DEAF USING FAIRLY TRADITIONAL ,,ASL1 WHILE MANY OTHERS GREW UP USING SOME VARIATION OF ,,ASL AND SOME GREW UP WITH ,ENGLISH AS A FIRST LANGUAGE4 ,THIS MIXTURE IS BEING INFLUENCED BY ADAPTATION TO THE TACTILE MODALITY4 ,SLIDE #C3 ,LANGUAGE ,WHAT ,,DB PEOPLE USE IS BEING CALLED ,TACTILE ,,ASL OR ,,TASL4 ,IT IS AT FIRST1 AN ADAPTATION OF THE VARIETIES OF ,,ASL 7VISUAL ,,ASL7 TO THE TACTILE MODALITY1 BUT AS IT IS USED BY ,,DB PEOPLE IN THEIR DAILY LIVES IT IS ALSO EVOLVING TO SUIT THE EXPERIENCE1 BELIEFS1 VALUES AND ULTIMATELY THE ,WORLD ,VIEW OF ,,DB PEOPLE 7VS4 #A ,DEAF PEOPLE74 ,STUDY OF THIS EVOLUTION WILL INFORM OUR CONCEPTS OF BOTH LANGUAGE AND CULTURE 7,WORLD ,VIEWS74 ,SLIDE #D3 ,,TASL AND ,PHONOLOGY ,SLIDE #E3 ,LANGUAGE AND ,MODALITY OR ,CHANNEL ,VISUAL ,,ASL AND OTHER SIGNED LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD HAVE SELECTED SIGNS 7AND PHONOLOGY7 TO SUIT THE VISUAL MODALITY4 ,SPOKEN LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD HAVE SIMILARLY SELECTED WORDS 7AND PHONOLOGY7 TO SUIT THE AUDITORY MODALITY4 ,NOW ,,TASL IS GRADUALLY SELECTING SIGNS 7AND PHONOLOGY7 TO SUIT THE TACTUAL MODALITY4 ,SLIDE #F3 ,SIGNS ,LOCATED ON THE ,HEAD ,IN VISUAL ,,ASL1 SIGNS MADE NEAR THE FACE ARE IN THE FOCAL AREA OF VISION AND THUS CAN MAKE MINOR #B DISTINCTIONS THAT HAVE MEANING4 ,FOR EXAMPLE THE SIGNS FOR ,8ONION0' AND ,8APPLE0' ARE ONLY DISTINGUISHED BY A SHIFT IN LOCATION OF #C-D IN4 ON THE FACE4 ,OTHER SIGN PAIRS 7E4G4 ,8MAN_/WOMAN1 BROTHER_/SISTER0'7 ARE SIMILARLY DISTINGUISHED BY SUCH MINIMAL DIFFERENCES IN LOCATION4 ,SLIDE #G3 ,MINIMAL ,PAIRS3 ,SPATIAL ,THESE SPATIAL DISTINCTIONS ARE NOT CLEAR TACTUALLY AND THUS THE CUSTOM IS TO MODIFY THEM SLIGHTLY EITHER IN SIGN CHOICE OR IN CONTEXT4 ,THE SIGN CHOSEN FOR ,8MAN0' FOR EXAMPLE IS THE ONE RELATED TO ,8BOY0' BUT MADE WITH ONE FIRM MOVEMENT4 ,SLIDE #H3 ,SIGNS ,LOCATED ,NEAR THE ,WAIST ,IN VISUAL ,,ASL SIGNS MADE NEAR THE WAIST USE MORE GROSS GESTURES AND DO NOT DEPEND ON AN ABILITY TO PERCEIVE SMALL DIFFERENCES IN HAND-SHAPE #C 7E4G4 ,8PANTS1 WALK0'74 ,THESE SIGNS ARE MADE OUTSIDE THE ,8TUNNEL0' OF GOOD VISION FOR ,,DB PEOPLE WITH TUNNEL VISION AND ARE NOT CLEAR TACTUALLY4 ,COMMONLY1 OTHER SEMANTICALLY RELATED SIGNS OR FINGERSPELLING ARE USED TO SUBSTITUTE4 ,SLIDE #I3 ,ANSWERS VS4 ,AWARENESS ,,DB PEOPLE ARE ONLY NOW FORMING STABLE COMMUNITIES WITHIN WHICH TO NEGOTIATE AND SHAPE THEIR LANGUAGE1 THUS ,,TASL IS A VERY NEW VARIETY OF ,,ASL4 ,FOR ,,SSP'S IT IS IMPORTANT TO BE AWARE OF NEW WAYS OF SIGNING THAT YOU OBSERVE AMONG ,,DB PEOPLE AND TO NOTICE HOW YOU YOURSELF CAN BE MORE CLEAR4 ,SLIDE #AJ3 ,,TASL & ,DESCRIPTIONS ,SLIDE #AA3 ,TACTILE ,CLASSIFIERS & ,MAPS ,CLASSIFIERS AND DESCRIBING SPACE ARE ESPECIALLY DIFFERENT IN ,,TASL #D THAN IN VISUAL ,SIGN ,LANGUAGE4 ,YOU WILL1 FOR EXAMPLE1 SOMETIMES NEED TO USE BOTH HANDS TO SHOW RELATIONSHIPS REGARDLESS OF WHETHER THE ,,DB PERSON TYPICALLY READS USING ONLY ONE HAND4 ,IN THE NEXT TWO SLIDES THE ,,SSP REACHES FOR THE ,8OTHER HAND0' AND THEN SHOWS THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE PARTS BEING CONSIDERED4 ,SLIDE #AB3 ,THE CLERK DESCRIBING THE OBJECT ,PHOTO ,DESCRIPTION3 ,THE CLERK AT LEFT DESCRIBES AN OBJECT2 AN ,,SSP AT THE RIGHT IS RELAYING INFORMATION TO THE ,,DB CLIENT1 IN THE MIDDLE1 VIA ,,TASL IN A HARDWARE STORE4 ,SLIDE #AC3 ,TWO HANDS DESCRIBING THE FIT ,PHOTO ,DESCRIPTION3 ,IN THE MIDDLE1 BOTH HANDS OF THE ,,DB CLIENT LIGHTLY GRASP OVER THE ,,SSP'S HANDS WHILE THE ,,SSP #E DEMONSTRATES THE DETAILS AND PLACEMENT OF THE OBJECT1 VIA ,,TASL4 ,SLIDE #AD3 ,MAPS ,OTHER TIMES1 USING THE ,,DB LISTENER'S OWN HAND AS A BASE CLASSIFIER OR MAP WILL BE THE MOST CLEAR4 7,SEE ,DISCOURSE ,PART ,,III3 ,ORIENTATION & ,SCALE47 ,IN THE NEXT #B SLIDES THE ,,SSP DESCRIBES THE OFFICE KITCHEN1 LOCATING THE DOOR1 SINK1 TABLES1 AND CHAIRS1 ETC4 ,SLIDE #AE3 8,THE DOOR WE JUST CAME IN '''0 ,PHOTO ,DESCRIPTION3 ,AN ,,SSP EXPLAINS TO THE ,,DB CLIENT THE ORIENTATION OF THE ROOM THEY JUST CAME IN1 USING THE SIGN1 8DOOR40 ,SLIDE #AF3 ''' IS ,HERE ,PHOTO ,DESCRIPTION3 ,AN ,,SSP USES THE ,,DB CLIENT'S HAND AS A TACTILE MAP TO ORIENT THE ,,DB #F PERSON WHERE SHE IS IN THE ROOM4 ,SLIDE #AG3 ,,TASL3 ,HAND ,POSITIONS ,SLIDE #AH3 ,FINGERSPELLING ,ALONE ,A FEW ,,DB PEOPLE COMMUNICATE RECEPTIVELY USING ONLY FINGERSPELLING4 ,A FEW HARD-OF-HEARING ,,DB PEOPLE USE FINGERSPELLING AS BACKUP WHEN THEY CANNOT QUITE MAKE OUT A WORD4 ,THE POSITION FOR READING FINGERSPELLING IN THESE INSTANCES WILL VARY4 ,SLIDE #AI3 ,READING ,,TASL ,IN READING ,SIGN ,LANGUAGE THE ,,DB PERSON MAY USE ONE HAND OR TWO4 ,IN USING ONE HAND1 THE ,,DB PERSON PLACES THEIR RECEPTIVE HAND ON TOP OF THE SIGNER'S DOMINANT HAND4 ,TYPICALLY THIS WILL BE TWO RIGHT-HANDED SIGNERS SO THE LEFT-HAND 7RECEPTIVE7 OF THE ,,DB PERSON IS ON THE RIGHT HAND 7DOMINANT7 OF THE SIGNER4 ,SLIDE #BJ3 ,PHOTO ,DESCRIPTION3 ,USING #G TACTILE SIGN LANGUAGE AND SEATED ON A BENCH OUTSIDE1 A ,,SSP EXPLAINS THE VIEW OF THE WATER AND MOUNTAINS TO A ,,DB CLIENT4 ,SLIDE #BA3 ,ELEMENTS OF ,,TASL ,ELEMENTS OF ,,TASL INCLUDE ,MOVEMENT 7INCLUDING RHYTHM7 ,TENSION 7INTENSITY7 ,PERCUSSION 7E4G4 ONE HAND STRIKING ANOTHER7 ,LOCATION ,HANDSHAPE ,SLIDE #BB3 ,HAND ON ,HAND ,WHERE THE ,,DB PERSON'S READING HAND IS PLACED ON THE SIGNER'S NEED NOT BE EXACT4 ,IN GENERAL THE ,,DB PERSON'S THUMB AND LITTLE FINGER DO MOST OF THE WORK4 ,SLIDE #BC3 ,PHOTO ,DESCRIPTION3 ,OUTSIDE ON A SEATED BENCH1 ANOTHER ,,SSP EXPLAINS OR CONVERSES WITH THE ,,DB #H CLIENT4 ,SLIDE #BD3 ,PHOTO ,DESCRIPTION3 ,UP-CLOSE PHOTO OF THE USE OF TACTILE SIGN LANGUAGE IN ACTION1 A ,,DB CLIENT'S LEFT PALM TOUCHES LIGHTLY ON THE ,,SSP'S RIGHT HAND AS THE ,,SSP CONVEYS INFORMATION WITH BOTH HANDS4 ,SLIDE #BE3 ,TWO-,HANDED ,SOME ,,DB PEOPLE USE BOTH HANDS TO READ ,SIGN ,LANGUAGE4 ,THIS MAY BE BECAUSE THEY ARE NEW AT READING SIGNS TACTUALLY1 BECAUSE THE PERSON SIGNING TO THEM IS NEW AT ,,TASL1 OR FROM PERSONAL PREFERENCE4 ,BE SURE TO SIT CLOSE ENOUGH TO GET COMFORTABLE4 ,SLIDE #BF3 ,LEFT ,PHOTO ,DESCRIPTION3 ,TWO PEOPLE USE BOTH HANDS TO COMMUNICATE AND LISTEN BACK AND FORTH4 ,RIGHT ,PHOTO ,DESCRIPTION3 #I ,AN UP-CLOSE VIEW OF TWO PEOPLE'S HANDS COMMUNICATING IN TACTILE SIGN LANGUAGE4 ,SLIDE #BG3 ,POSITIONING ,SLIDE #BH3 ,POSITIONING ,WHILE SITTING1 IT IS IMPORTANT TO BE CLOSE ENOUGH TO BE COMFORTABLE WITHOUT TWISTING YOUR BACK4 ,ONE COMMON POSITION IS TO SIT WITH ALTERNATING LEGS4 ,ANOTHER IS TO SIT CLOSE FACING EACH OTHER BUT WITH LEGS SIDE-BY-SIDE4 7,SEE FOLLOWING SLIDES47 ,SLIDE #BI3 ,PHOTO ,DESCRIPTION3 ,TWO PEOPLE ARE SEATED OPPOSITE EACH OTHER2 ONE PERSON'S LEG IS IN BETWEEN THE OTHER PERSON'S LEGS4 ,SLIDE #CJ3 ,HERE THE ,,DB WOMAN IS LISTENING WITH ONE HAND1 BUT THE TWO ARE SEATED COMFORTABLY CLOSE TO ONE ANOTHER #AJ SIDE-BY-SIDE4 ,PHOTO ,DESCRIPTION3 ,TWO PEOPLE ARE SEATED IN CHAIRS FACING OPPOSITE EACH OTHER1 BUT SIDE-BY-SIDE4 ,SLIDE #CA3 ,,TASL AND ,ERGONOMICS ,THERE IS ANOTHER ,POWER,POINT PRESENTATION FOCUSED ON ERGONOMICS 7HOW WE BEST USE OUR BODIES IN OUR WORK7 BUT COMMUNICATION WITH ,,DB PEOPLE IS DIFFERENT FROM TWO HEARING PEOPLE TALKING WITH EACH OTHER OR TWO DEAF PEOPLE TALKING WITH EACH OTHER4 ,BE CONSCIOUS OF WHAT YOUR BODY IS TELLING YOU AND TAKE THE TIME TO GET COMFORTABLE4 ,SLIDE #CB3 ,GET ON THE ,SAME ,LEVEL ,FOR EXTENDED DISCUSSIONS1 GET ON THE SAME LEVEL 7BOTH SITTING OR BOTH STANDING7 AND GET COMFORTABLE4 ,SLIDE #CC3 ,,TASL3 ,FINGERSPELLING AND ,NUMBERS #AA ,SLIDE #CD3 ,READING ,FINGERSPELLING ,IN READING FINGERSPELLING TACTUALLY1 MOVEMENT AND RHYTHM ARE STILL IMPORTANT1 BUT HANDSHAPE TAKES ON A GREATER IMPORTANCE4 ,THE SIGNER SHIFTS POSITION SLIGHTLY SO THAT HANDS ARE VERY SLIGHTLY MORE PALM TO PALM4 ,RHYTHM IS RETAINED BUT FINGERSPELLING IS DONE SOMEWHAT MORE SLOWLY4 ,CONTEXT IS ALSO IMPORTANT4 ,SLIDE #CE3 ,FINGERSPELLING & ,CONTEXT ,IN BOTH SENTENCES BELOW ,8,CAROL0' IS FINGERSPELLED4 ,THE SECOND SENTENCE GIVES MORE CONTEXT3 ,CAROL WILL COME AT NOON4 ,THE ,,SSP NAMED ,CAROL WILL COME AT NOON4 ,OF COURSE1 THERE ARE OTHER WAYS OF GIVING CONTEXT4 ,THE POINT IS THAT CONTEXT HELPS IN READING FINGERSPELLING4 #AB ,SLIDE #CF3 ,NUMBERS ,ONE OF THE DIFFICULTIES WITH READING NUMBERS IS THAT THERE IS MUCH LESS CONTEXT AND LITTLE OR NO RHYTHM4 ,NUMBERS DEPEND ALMOST ENTIRELY ON HANDSHAPE WHICH IS MORE DIFFICULT TO READ TACTUALLY4 ,MANY ,,DB PEOPLE PREFER TO HAVE NUMBERS PRINTED IN THEIR PALM AT LEAST SOME OF THE TIME4 ,SLIDE #CG3 ,CONCLUSION ,,ASL EVOLVED AS A NATURAL LANGUAGE TO SUIT THE VISUAL MODALITY OR CHANNEL4 ,READING ,,ASL TACTUALLY CAN BE A LITTLE LIKE LIPREADING A LANGUAGE YOU ALREADY KNOW4 ,AS DEAF-BLIND PEOPLE FORM COMMUNITIES AND TALK WITH ONE ANOTHER REGULARLY1 ,,TASL IS SHIFTING TO SUIT THE TACTILE MODALITY1 CHANGING THE WAY SOME SIGNS ARE MADE AND INVENTING OTHERS TO EXPRESS THEIR EXPERIENCE4 ,AS AN ,,SSP YOU WILL BE AWARE OF TOUCH IN ALL ITS FORMS AND HOW IT IS #AC USED BY AND AMONG ,,DB PEOPLE TO COMMUNICATE BOTH VERBALLY AND NON- VERBALLY4 #AD